What to Expect Before, During, and After a Carotid Endarterectomy

Getting Ready for the Big Day

Preparation is the foundation of a successful carotid endarterectomy. Once your vascular doctor has determined that surgery is the best option, the next step is a thorough pre-operative assessment. This involves evaluating your overall health, understanding your medical history, and conducting a series of tests to confirm the extent of arterial narrowing and the risk of stroke. Your doctor will likely order imaging tests, like an ultrasound or an angiogram, to visualize the carotid arteries and pinpoint the blockage. These tests help the surgical team plan the procedure and minimize risks. If you have underlying health conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease, you’ll also receive guidance on how to manage these conditions leading up to surgery. In the weeks before the procedure, your vascular doctor may adjust your medications. For example, you might be asked to stop taking blood thinners to reduce the risk of excessive bleeding. You’ll also receive specific instructions about fasting the night before surgery. The preparation phase is your chance to ask questions and build trust with your vascular care team. They’ll ensure that you’re physically ready for surgery and confident about the journey ahead. 

What Happens During Surgery

When the day of your procedure arrives, it’s natural to feel a mix of nerves and anticipation. Knowing what to expect can ease some of that anxiety. When you check into the surgical facility, you’ll be guided through pre-operative preparation. This might include a final review of your medical history, inserting an IV for medications, and attaching monitoring equipment. Once in the operating room, the team will make sure you’re comfortable before administering anesthesia. The actual carotid endarterectomy typically takes about one to two hours. Your vascular specialist will make a small incision on the side of your neck to access the affected artery. Using precise instruments, they’ll carefully remove the plaque buildup that has been restricting blood flow. In some cases, a patch is sewn into the artery to widen it and improve circulation. This step helps reduce the risk of the artery narrowing again in the future. During the procedure, advanced monitoring ensures your safety. If local anesthesia is used, you might be asked to perform simple tasks, like speaking or moving your hands, so the team can determine brain function in real-time. Once the artery is cleared and the incision is closed, you’ll be moved to a recovery area.

Healing and Moving Forward 

During the initial recovery time, you’ll be under close observation. The medical team will monitor your vital signs and watch for any complications, like swelling, infection, or changes in neurological function. Once you’re discharged, your focus will shift to healing at home. You may notice some soreness or swelling around the incision site, but these symptoms typically subside within a few days. Over-the-counter pain medications can help manage discomfort, though your doctor might prescribe something stronger if needed. Activity restrictions are common during the first few weeks. Light walking is encouraged to promote circulation, but heavy lifting and strenuous exercise should be avoided until your vascular specialist gives the green light. Follow-up appointments are a critical part of the recovery process. These visits allow your vascular doctor to check the surgical site, assess blood flow, and ensure the artery remains open. Imaging tests, like ultrasounds, might be scheduled to monitor progress and detect any early signs of recurring plaque buildup. 

Staying Healthy After Surgery 

Long-term success also depends on making lifestyle changes that support vascular treatment. A heart-healthy diet, regular physical activity, and quitting smoking are all steps that can reduce your risk of future vascular issues. Your doctor may prescribe medications, such as antiplatelets or statins, to help manage cholesterol levels and prevent blood clots. Regular check-ups with your vascular specialist are just as important as the surgery itself. These visits allow your care team to monitor your progress and adjust your treatment plan as needed. 

Do You Need a Professional Vascular Treatment?

If you’re facing carotid artery disease, don’t wait to take action. Contact National Vascular Associates today to schedule a consultation with our skilled vascular care team. Together, we’ll develop a plan that prioritizes your health, safety, and peace of mind.